There are several functions of dashes

There are several functions of dashes

The main usage of dash
Dash is a widely used label. Its main usage can be summarized as follows
1. Indicate supplementary explanation
For example, "the Asian continent has the highest mountain system in the world - the Himalayas, and the highest mountain on the earth - Mount Everest." brackets also indicate explanations. However, dashes lead to explanations that are part of the text and are more important information to read. The explanations in brackets are not the text, If the explanation or supplementary sentence is inserted in the middle of the sentence, you can use a dash before and after each sentence. For example: "except for the nine planets in the solar system - Mercury, Venus, earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune - the solar system is divided into three parts, There are also 40 satellites and a large number of asteroids, comets and meteoroids. "Intuition - though it's not always reliable - tells me what might be wrong with this."
2. Show topic change
For example, "my company in Zhuhai is doing very well. My boss is very nice to me, and my salary is very high. It's more than 3000 yuan a month! -- can I have a cigarette?" before the dash, I told my own situation, then suddenly turned to ask the other party something else
3. Language interruption
He was very big, and he thought his mother was dead long ago. The dash in the former case means that the following words were not spoken. The latter case means that he broke off for a moment, stopped for a while, and then went on
4. Indicates that the sound is prolonged
The voice of the young man of our logging company was heard in the woods
5. Lead to the following
For example, "in an article entitled on integrity, he summed up the historical road and the realistic situation of Chinese intellectuals since the May 4th Movement -" the little girl looks like her mother, My heart trembled. The scene of my life in Huaishu village ten years ago appeared again
6. Summary
For example: "in fact, this critic not only lacks the common sense of ancient literature and art, but also does not understand the meaning of common ancient Chinese words. He describes" Zhui "(Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, Zhui, "Thorn" is today's business card. It's said to be "holding things with thorns" - it's all groundless nonsense. "
7. Insert
Take Lao She as an example. In fact, everyone will come across him once The special component of a sentence is a part of the whole sentence, but it has a structural relationship with other components. It is an independent component. Its position is also flexible. Double dashes lead to parenthesis, not brackets
8. List of branches
For example, the relationship between the central and local governments is one of the core issues of the national political and economic system. At present, the main principles urgently need to be established are: the principle of legalization of democratic centralism; the principle of legalization of the party's leadership; the principle of giving full play to the enthusiasm of the central and local governments; and the principle of separation of government and enterprise responsibilities
9. Used before a subtitle
Language and philosophy: a comparative study of the philosophical traditions of contemporary Britain, America and Germany
10. Used after citation
It is used to indicate the author after the quotation. For example, the flowers of the river are more red than fire at sunrise, and the water of the river is as green as blue in spring
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What are the functions of dashes?

Supplementary notes:
A dash (--) is a symbol indicating the change of topic or mood, the continuation of voice, etc. "the sentences explained in the text are marked with a dash." "the sudden change of topic is marked with a dash." "the voice is extended, and the dash is used after the onomatopoeia." "the items are listed and divided, and the dash is used before each item." "it indicates the change of mood, the continuation of voice, the beginning and end of time and space, The Chinese dash is derived from EM dash in English, but it takes up two characters because it is easy to be confused with EM dash
The function of dash
1. Explanation
2. Progressive
3. Extension
4. Show turning point
5
6. Computer application
7. Strengthen the focus
8. Examples of branches
9. Before subtitle
10. Identify the author
11. Supplementary notes