When exploring the relationship between fixed resistance and voltage at both ends in series circuit, is the resistance of sliding rheostat related to voltage? Why Is the greater the resistance of the sliding rheostat, the higher the voltage? Why? Is the higher the resistance of a constant value resistor, the higher the voltage at its two ends? But wouldn't that make the current smaller? (I mean change to another constant resistor)

When exploring the relationship between fixed resistance and voltage at both ends in series circuit, is the resistance of sliding rheostat related to voltage? Why Is the greater the resistance of the sliding rheostat, the higher the voltage? Why? Is the higher the resistance of a constant value resistor, the higher the voltage at its two ends? But wouldn't that make the current smaller? (I mean change to another constant resistor)

Because changing the resistance of the sliding rheostat will change the total current, and the voltage at both ends of the constant value resistor is equal to the resistance multiplied by the current. When the current changes, the voltage at both ends will also change. The greater the resistance of the sliding rheostat, the greater the total resistance. Because the power supply voltage remains unchanged, the total current decreases. Because it is in series, the total current is constant

In a series circuit, if an electrical appliance is short circuited, how about the resistance of the electrical appliance, how does the voltage change? The circuit is not working

The resistance of the short circuit user is zero (theoretical state, the same below), the voltage above it is zero, the circuit is still on, and the current on the circuit will increase