Why is the square of 3:1 equal to 9:3:3:1

Why is the square of 3:1 equal to 9:3:3:1


This is the law of free combination in genetics. Two alleles are located on non homologous chromosomes. The calculation is like multiplication of two polynomials without merging, and the proportion sign is used in the middle
(3:1)^2=(3:1)(3:1)=9:3:3:1