5個有理數兩兩的乘積是如下的10個數:-12,0.168,0.2,80,-12.6,-15,-6000,0.21,84,100.請確定這5個有理數,並簡述理由.

5個有理數兩兩的乘積是如下的10個數:-12,0.168,0.2,80,-12.6,-15,-6000,0.21,84,100.請確定這5個有理數,並簡述理由.

將5個有理數兩兩的乘積由小到大排列:-6000<-15<-12.6<-12<0.168<0.2<0.21<80<84<100.∵5個有理數的兩兩乘積中有4個負數且沒有0,∴這5個有理數中有1個負數和4個正數,或者1個正數和4個負數.(1)若這5個有理數是1負4正,不妨設為x1<0<x2<x3<x4<x5,則x1x5<x1x4<x1x3<x1x2<0<x2x3<x2x4<x2x5x3x4<x3x5<x4x5,(其中x2x5和x3x4的大小關係暫時還不能斷定),∴x1x5=-6000,x1x4=-15,x4x5=100,三式相乘,得(x1x4x5)2=9×106,又∵x1<0,x4>0,x5>0,∴x1x4x5=-3000,則x1=-30,x4=0.5,x5=200.再由x1=-30,x1x2=-12,x1x3=-12.6,得x2=0.4,x3=0.42.經檢驗x1=-30,x2=0.4,x3=0.42,x4=0.5,x5=200滿足題意.(2)若這5個有理數是4負1正.不妨設為:x1<x2<x3<x4<0<x5,則x1x5<x2x5<x3x5<x4x5<0<x3x4<x2x4<x1x4x2x3<x1x3<x1x2,(其中x1x4和x2x3的大小關係暫時還不能斷定),∴x1x5=-6000,x2x5=-15,x1x2=100,三式相乘,得(x1x2x5)2=9×106,又∵x1<0, x2<0,x5>0,解得x1x2x5=3000,∴x1=-200,x2=-0.5,x5=30,再由x5=30,x3x5=-12.6,x4x5=-12,得x3=-0.42,x4=-0.4.經檢驗,x1=-200,x2=-0.5,x3=-0.42,x4=-0.4,x5=30滿足題意.綜上可得:這5個有理數分別是-30,0.4,0.42,0.5,200或-200,-0.5,-0.42,-0.4,30.