求∫√(a^2-x^2)dx的不定積分,

求∫√(a^2-x^2)dx的不定積分,


令x=asiny,dx=acosy dy
√(a²;-x²;)=√(a²;-a²;sin²;y)=acosy
原式=a²;∫cos²;y dy
=a²;/2*∫(1+cos2y)dy
=a²;/2*y+a²;/2*1/2*∫cos2y d(2y)
=a²;/2*y+a²;/4*sin2y
=a²;/2*y+a²;/2*sinycosy
=a²;/2*arcsin(x/a)+a²;/2*(x/a)*√(a²;-x²;)/a
=(a²;/2)arcsin(x/2)+(x/2)√(a²;-x²;)+C



求不定積分∫x/(x^2)dx



∫x/(x^2)dx
=∫1/xdx
=ln|x|+C



求不定積分∫x^2/√(a^2-x^2)dx=?
用分部積分法
∫x^2/√(a^2-x^2)dx=x^2*arcsin(x/a)-∫2x/√(a^2-x^2)dx=x^2*arcsin(x/a)-2xarcsin(x/a)+2arcsin(x/a)
=(x^2-2x+2)arcsin(x/a)+C
這樣做有什麼不對?


令x=asint,則dx=acost dt∫x²;/√(a²;-x²;)dx=∫a²;sin²;t/(acost)·acostdt=a²;∫sin²;t dt=a²;∫(1-cos2t)/2 dt=a²;∫1/2dt-a²;∫cos2tdt=a²;t/2-1/2·a²;sin2t+C=1/ 2·a²;arcsin(x/a)-x·√(a²;-x²;)+C